In Medieval Times the kingdom was kept safe with feudalism. The king was leader of the country. He would give Feifs or land to the Lords and Noblemen. As payment for the land they would have to help protect the King in battles and give him food and money from their farm lands. The Lords would divide their land and give some of the land or feifs to their Knights. As payment for the land they would have to give the Lords protection, food and money from their land. The knights would divide their land into farms and peasants would work the farms and pay the knights in food, and money that they raised from their land. If the Kingdom was attacked the King would call the lords who would send their knights to battle for the King.
King John the Landless was a King in Medieval Times. Everyone hated him, even his knights because he lost the land and he made people pay a lot of taxes. Everyone thought that he killed his nephew Arthur and they were angry about that too. So the nobles and lords made the Magna Carta. It was a document that made King John lose power. The document made it so that Kings had to follow the same rules and laws as people.
King Henry II brought common law to England. With common law a jury would decide if a person was guilty or innocent of their crimes. The person accused of a crime would be brought to a court. The jury would be told all of the information about the person's crime. They would then decide if the person was guilty or innocent. The judge would then decide on their punishment if they were found guilty.
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